Variety of Rice and Its Characteristics

Farming is a very challenging profession. Some say it is a gamble, since there are so many factors that may affect the outcome of your farm. I know many farmers that fails on this profession, but I can pinpoint farmers who are successful also. So, what really needed to be successful in this field. Well, its a rule of life, to be successful you have to know everything about it, be industrious, and always ask the guidance from our Lord God. The first basic step to win this gamble is knowing the variety of rice and its characteristics. So take a look of the table shown below.

Irrigated Lowland
Varieties Characteristics
Nahalin or PSB Rc2	High Yielding; medium maturing; Resistant to tungro; good grain quality
Molawin or PSB Rc4	High yielding; early maturing; resistant to blast; good grain quality
Carranglan or PSB Rc6	High yielding; medium maturing; moderate reaction to major diseases; good grain quality
Talavera or PSB Rc8	High yielding; moderately resistant to stemborer; good grain quality with high percent acceptability
Pagsanjan or PSB Rc10	High yielding; very early maturing; resistant to blast and moderately resistant to most insect pests
Ala or PSB Rc18	High yielding; moderate reaction to major diseases and insect pests; high headrice recovery; good grain quality with high acceptability
Chico or PSB Rc20	High yielding; early maturing; moderate reaction to major pests and diseases; grain acceptability like IR64
Liliw or PSB Rc22	High yielding; intermediate reaction to pests and diseases; excellent grain quality like IR74 and IR64
Magat (hybrid) or PSB Rc26H	High yielding; performs best during dry season; resistant to blast; good grain quality with high percentage acceptability
Agno or PSB Rc28	High yielding; lodging resistant; resistant to blast; good grain quality
Agus or PSB Rc30	High yielding; intermediate reaction to most diseases and insect pests; superior grain quality
Jaro or PSB Rc 32	Recommended for dry season; resistant to bacterial leaf blight and brown planthoppers; good eating quality
Burdagol or PSB Rc34	High yielding; resistant to most diseases; considered as special rice
Gandara or PSB Rc52	High yielding; early maturing; moderate to insect pests ands diseases;good grain quality with high percentage acceptability
Abra or PSB Rc54	Better wet season performance; early maturing; resistant to blast; high milling recovery
Dapitan or PSB Rc56	High yielding; well suited for wet and dry season planting; wide adaptability
Mayapa or PSB Rc58	High yielding; resistant to bacterial leaf blight; high milling potentials and good sensory qualities
Kabacan or PSB Rc64	Perform best during dry season; high milling potentials; good eating quality
Agusan or PSB Rc66	Performs best during dry season; resistant to bacterial leaf blight; high milling recovery
Mestizo (hybrid) or PSB Rc72H	High yielding; moderate reaction to major diseases; good grain quality
IR 36	Resistant to blast, bacterial blight, and grassy stunt; susceptible to tungro; high milling recovery
IR42	Resistant to blast, bacterial blight, and grassy stunt; susceptible to tungro; high milling recovery; mildly resistant to stemborer
IR64	Resistant to blast, bacterial blight, and grassy stunt; susceptible to tungro; high milling recovery; high sensory acceptability

Varieties	Characteristics
Rainfed Lowland
Caliraya or PSB Rc12	Drought tolerant; high yielding; early maturing; good grain quality
Rio Grande or PSB Rc14	Drought tolerant; high yielding; early maturing; good grain quality
Ennano or PSB Rc16	Good for dry seeding culture; high yielding; acceptable grain quality
Cagayan, or PSB Rc24	Good for dry seeding culture; high yielding; drought tolerant at early vegetative stages
Ma-ayon or PSB Rc36	Drought tolerant; better eating quality
Rinara or PSB Rc38	Drought tolerant; acceptable grain quality
Chayong or PSB Rc40	Drought tolerant; resistant to blast; good grain quality
Baliwag or PSB Rc42	Drought tolerant; good for dry seeding culture; resistant to blast; good grain quality
Tugatog or PSB Rc60	Good for dry seeding culture; acceptable grain quality
Naguilan or PSB Rc62	Good for dry-seeding culture; resistant blast; good grain quality
Sacobia or PSB Rc68	Good for dry-seeding culture; good grain quality
Bamban or PSB Rc70	Good for dry-seeding culture; resistant to blast; good grain quality

How to Control the Black Bug

Black bug is one of the pest in the rice field that gives problems to the farmers. It will reduce your production because it will eat the sap of the rice plant and its urine will cause a rice burn. According to the expert ten adults per hill can cause losses of up to 35% in some rice. So how we can control, if not, reduce the effect of black bug? This is the suggested methods given to us by the expert:

One of the cultural control practices to reduce the population of the black bug is to maintain a clean field by removing the weeds and drying the rice field during plowing. Rice varieties of the same maturity date may be planted to break the insect’s cycle. Direct-seeded rice crops tend to have less tillers in one planting point and thus discourage population growth. During early infestation, the water level in the field may be raised for 2-3 days to force the insects to move upwards. Flooding the fields can also cause higher egg mortality. After harvest, fields might be plowed to remove remaining insects.

Mechanical control measures include the use of mercury bulbs as light traps for egg-laying adults. Light trapping of insects should start 5 days before and after the full moon.

In the field, there are biological control agents such as small wasps that parasitize the eggs. Ground beetles, spiders, crickets, and red ants attack the eggs, nymphs, and adults. Both the eggs and the nymphs are fed-upon by coccinellid beetles. Ducks and toads also eat the nymphs and adults. There are 3 species of fungi attacking the nymphs and adults.

Two IRRI varieties resistant to black bugs are available.

For chemical control, foliar spraying of insecticides directed at the base of the rice plant is the most effective.

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