Variety of Rice and Its Characteristics

Farming is a very challenging profession. Some say it is a gamble, since there are so many factors that may affect the outcome of your farm. I know many farmers that fails on this profession, but I can pinpoint farmers who are successful also. So, what really needed to be successful in this field. Well, its a rule of life, to be successful you have to know everything about it, be industrious, and always ask the guidance from our Lord God. The first basic step to win this gamble is knowing the variety of rice and its characteristics. So take a look of the table shown below.

Irrigated Lowland
Varieties Characteristics
Nahalin or PSB Rc2	High Yielding; medium maturing; Resistant to tungro; good grain quality
Molawin or PSB Rc4	High yielding; early maturing; resistant to blast; good grain quality
Carranglan or PSB Rc6	High yielding; medium maturing; moderate reaction to major diseases; good grain quality
Talavera or PSB Rc8	High yielding; moderately resistant to stemborer; good grain quality with high percent acceptability
Pagsanjan or PSB Rc10	High yielding; very early maturing; resistant to blast and moderately resistant to most insect pests
Ala or PSB Rc18	High yielding; moderate reaction to major diseases and insect pests; high headrice recovery; good grain quality with high acceptability
Chico or PSB Rc20	High yielding; early maturing; moderate reaction to major pests and diseases; grain acceptability like IR64
Liliw or PSB Rc22	High yielding; intermediate reaction to pests and diseases; excellent grain quality like IR74 and IR64
Magat (hybrid) or PSB Rc26H	High yielding; performs best during dry season; resistant to blast; good grain quality with high percentage acceptability
Agno or PSB Rc28	High yielding; lodging resistant; resistant to blast; good grain quality
Agus or PSB Rc30	High yielding; intermediate reaction to most diseases and insect pests; superior grain quality
Jaro or PSB Rc 32	Recommended for dry season; resistant to bacterial leaf blight and brown planthoppers; good eating quality
Burdagol or PSB Rc34	High yielding; resistant to most diseases; considered as special rice
Gandara or PSB Rc52	High yielding; early maturing; moderate to insect pests ands diseases;good grain quality with high percentage acceptability
Abra or PSB Rc54	Better wet season performance; early maturing; resistant to blast; high milling recovery
Dapitan or PSB Rc56	High yielding; well suited for wet and dry season planting; wide adaptability
Mayapa or PSB Rc58	High yielding; resistant to bacterial leaf blight; high milling potentials and good sensory qualities
Kabacan or PSB Rc64	Perform best during dry season; high milling potentials; good eating quality
Agusan or PSB Rc66	Performs best during dry season; resistant to bacterial leaf blight; high milling recovery
Mestizo (hybrid) or PSB Rc72H	High yielding; moderate reaction to major diseases; good grain quality
IR 36	Resistant to blast, bacterial blight, and grassy stunt; susceptible to tungro; high milling recovery
IR42	Resistant to blast, bacterial blight, and grassy stunt; susceptible to tungro; high milling recovery; mildly resistant to stemborer
IR64	Resistant to blast, bacterial blight, and grassy stunt; susceptible to tungro; high milling recovery; high sensory acceptability

Varieties	Characteristics
Rainfed Lowland
Caliraya or PSB Rc12	Drought tolerant; high yielding; early maturing; good grain quality
Rio Grande or PSB Rc14	Drought tolerant; high yielding; early maturing; good grain quality
Ennano or PSB Rc16	Good for dry seeding culture; high yielding; acceptable grain quality
Cagayan, or PSB Rc24	Good for dry seeding culture; high yielding; drought tolerant at early vegetative stages
Ma-ayon or PSB Rc36	Drought tolerant; better eating quality
Rinara or PSB Rc38	Drought tolerant; acceptable grain quality
Chayong or PSB Rc40	Drought tolerant; resistant to blast; good grain quality
Baliwag or PSB Rc42	Drought tolerant; good for dry seeding culture; resistant to blast; good grain quality
Tugatog or PSB Rc60	Good for dry seeding culture; acceptable grain quality
Naguilan or PSB Rc62	Good for dry-seeding culture; resistant blast; good grain quality
Sacobia or PSB Rc68	Good for dry-seeding culture; good grain quality
Bamban or PSB Rc70	Good for dry-seeding culture; resistant to blast; good grain quality

How to Control the Black Bug

Black bug is one of the pest in the rice field that gives problems to the farmers. It will reduce your production because it will eat the sap of the rice plant and its urine will cause a rice burn. According to the expert ten adults per hill can cause losses of up to 35% in some rice. So how we can control, if not, reduce the effect of black bug? This is the suggested methods given to us by the expert:

One of the cultural control practices to reduce the population of the black bug is to maintain a clean field by removing the weeds and drying the rice field during plowing. Rice varieties of the same maturity date may be planted to break the insect’s cycle. Direct-seeded rice crops tend to have less tillers in one planting point and thus discourage population growth. During early infestation, the water level in the field may be raised for 2-3 days to force the insects to move upwards. Flooding the fields can also cause higher egg mortality. After harvest, fields might be plowed to remove remaining insects.

Mechanical control measures include the use of mercury bulbs as light traps for egg-laying adults. Light trapping of insects should start 5 days before and after the full moon.

In the field, there are biological control agents such as small wasps that parasitize the eggs. Ground beetles, spiders, crickets, and red ants attack the eggs, nymphs, and adults. Both the eggs and the nymphs are fed-upon by coccinellid beetles. Ducks and toads also eat the nymphs and adults. There are 3 species of fungi attacking the nymphs and adults.

Two IRRI varieties resistant to black bugs are available.

For chemical control, foliar spraying of insecticides directed at the base of the rice plant is the most effective.

Source

Rubber Nursery Management

At last i found the best methods of planting the rubber based on the Mindanao, Philippines Climate. On this site all the preparation from choosing a seed, budding and nursery management was discussed. All you need to do is to find time to understand and apply all the methods.

Choosing a Right Variety of Rice

Plant the right variety Farmers often prefer new rice varieties, believing that these are always high yielding. However, a rice variety may be released based on reasons other than yield (e.g. good grain quality, resistance to pests and diseases, tolerance to cold or drought). Consult with your agricultural technologist on the best performing rice varieties in your area. 1. Factors to consider in choosing a rice variety to plant a. Adaptability to local climatic conditions. The varieties that you plant must be compatible with the local climate. There are varieties suitable for irrigated lowlands, rainfed lowlands, cool-elevated areas, saline-prone areas, and uplands. b. Duration or maturity. Varieties with shorter maturing time are less exposed to pests and peak typhoon periods. They also allow you to grow two or more crops a year; thus, increasing farm income. However, longer maturing modern varieties have higher yield potential because of better vegetative growth. c. Tolerance to drought. Varieties that can thrive under dry conditions for some time are advantageous especially when the crop is dry seeded or when irrigation is delayed. Varieties for rainfed and upland areas have some degrees of drought tolerance. Some of these varieties are PSB Rc1, PSB Rc14, PSB Rc16, PSB Rc36, PSB Rc38, PSB Rc40, and PSB Rc42. d. Tolerance to pests. Use varieties that are resistant to major pests common in your locality. e. Tolerance to problem soils. There are varieties that grow even in adverse soil conditions such as saline soils, zinc-deficient soils, phosphorus and iron-deficient soils, excess manganese and aluminum, and toxic soils. PSB Rc1, for example, is suited for acidic soils while PSB Rc48, PSB Rc50, PSB Rc84, PSB Rc86, PSB Rc88, and PSB Rc90 are suited for saline-affected soils. f. Resistance to lodging. The factors that affect lodging are: plant height, light intensity, spacing, amount of soil fertility, the method of crop establishment, wind velocity and rain, type of sheath, stem thickness, and root structure. Some of the varieties resistant to lodging include IR8, PSB Rc2, PSB Rc30, PSB Rc34, and PSB Rc74. g. Tolerance to water submergence. This characteristic is especially important when there is continuous rain and the floodwater does not recede in 2-3 days. 2. Note that the variety that you may choose does not have to possess all of the abovementioned characteristics. Select varieties that meet the needs and problems of your particular locality. 3. Minimize pest problems in your farm by practicing synchronous planting. This means you and your neighboring farmers (covering at least 20-hectare contiguous farm) should plant your rice crop within less than a month. 4. Plant certified seeds or good seeds of improved varieties suited to your farm. Certified seeds are pure, clean, full, uniform in size, and have a minimum germination rate of 85%. Use of certified seeds leads to healthy seedlings that grow faster and uniformly. All this can contribute to a 5-10% increase in yield. 5. Remember that healthy seedlings have more roots, grow faster, and produce a more even stand than poor quality seedlings. Thus, certified/good seeds ensure higher yields. Source: Open Academy

Flower Induction in Durian

Durian will soon be fruit for all season"

Durian has often been described as "a fruit that tastes like heaven but smells like hell".
However, to the ordinary durian consumers who are mostly minimum wage earners, the "hell"
pact is not the smell but rather the price,especially during the off-season, when prices could
become prohibitively high due to scarcity of supply.

But thanks to a study conducted by Roman Armenio, Jr., Myrna S. Cantilla and Milani Abad of
the Department of Agriculture-Southern Mindanao Integrated Agriculture Research Center
(DA-SMIARC), it is now possible to produce durian anytime of the year.

According to the study entitled "Flower induction in durian", certain growth regulators such as
Paclobutrazol and Multi-K, when sprayed on durian trees of bearing age at the time when the
flushes (new leaves) are already mature, will promote off-season flowering 10 to 21 days from
application.

The study further revealed that average number of off-season fruits production per tree was over 80 for those sprayed with Paclobutrazol and over 64 for those with Multi-K.

For durian farmers, this technology could mean additional income in terms of increased yield and
relatively higher prices during off-season while for the common durian consumer, more durian
fruit supply during off-season would eventually result to a slight decrease in prices.

Durian Pest and Disease Control Management

Insects	PlantParts/Stage of Growth Attacked	Control Measures
Beetles	Young seedlings	Spray with Roxion or Azodrin
Twig borers	Young plants, small branches or twigs of old trees	Prune damaged branch and burn
Psyllids	New shoots and leaves in young and old trees	Spray with Roxion, Azodrin or Decis
Brown scale	Young shoots and leaves	Spray with Roxion or Azodrin
Haplaphalora sp. (Bao-bao)	Young shoots, leaves, unopened flowers and fruitlets	Spray with Decis, Roxion or Gusathion
Diseases	PlantParts/Stage of Growth Attacked	Control Measures
Path canker or stem canker	Roots, trunk	Spray with Ridomil or Alliete
Pink diseases	Twigs and smaller branches	Spray with Tridemorph (Calixim); Triadimefon (Bayleton); Copper hydroxide (Kocide) or Bordeaux mixture
Rhizoctonia	Foliage	Spray with Triamefon- Bayleton, Thiophanate methyl (Topsin M)

source: http://209.85.175.104/search?q=cache:y0DT5-jmY38J:www.da.gov.ph/
wps/wcm/connect/resources/file/eb590c401514538/DURIAN.pdf+
distance+of+durian+during+planting&hl=tl&ct=clnk&cd=4&gl=ph

Durian Cultural Management

Land Preparation

• Clear and remove all stumps and grasses.
• Plow twice and harrow thrice to loosen the soil.

Distance of Planting

• 5 x 10 meters = 200 plants/ha.
• 8 x 8 meters = 156 plants/ha.
• 10 x 10 meters = 100 plants/ha.

Preparation of Holes and Planting

• Dig a cubical holes measuring 50-100 m wide and 50-100 cm deep for clay soil type.
• Remove the plastic bag and plant the seedling into the hole without breaking the ball of soil.
• Prune spiraled roots to enhance root branching.
• Plant young plants at their dormant stage.
• Cover the hole with soil-manure mixture and press gently the surface of the soil.
• Plant during rainy season.

Maintenance

• Provide shade to newly planted durian seedlings for a period of two weeks to a few months depending on weather condition to enable the plant to recover from transplanting shock and to shade it from strong sunlight.
• Apply as basal 50 grams (5 tbsp.) of complete fertilizer (14-14-14) or based on soil analysis and cover with thin layer of soil. Rate of application increases as tree matures.
• Grow seasonal crops between rows of durian before they become productive.
• Ring weeding should be done before fertilization.
• Prune/remove dead, broken or diseased branches and water shoots to obtain desired canopy shape to enhance production of fruits.
• Mulch the tree with rice straw, dried leaves, cut grasses, or coconut husk during dry season.

Source:http://209.85.175.104/search?q=cache:y0DT5-jmY38J:www.da.gov.ph
/wps/wcm/connect/resources/file/eb590c401514538/DURIAN.pdf+distance+
of+durian+during+planting&hl=tl&ct=clnk&cd=4&gl=ph

Durian Pests and Diseases

Minor pests in the Philippines are the white mealybug (Pseudococcus lilacinus) and the giant mealybug (Drosicha townsendi) which infest young and developing fruits.

Very few diseases have been reported. In West Malaysia, patch canker caused by Phytophthora palmivora was first noted in 1934. It is becoming increasingly common on roots and stems of durian seedlings. Infection in the field begins at the collar with oozing of brownish-red gum and extends up the trunk and down to the roots. Sometimes a tree is completely girdled at the base and dies.

Testing of 13 clones showed that all but 2 were susceptible. The 2 resistant clones succumbed after the stems were wounded and inoculated. It is evident that pruning injuries have provided access for the organism. The disease is encouraged by close-planting which shades the soil and promotes dampness. Weeds, grass and mulch around the collar are also contributing factors.

Budded trees are particularly susceptible because of their habit of putting forth low branches and the occurrence of cracks where these join the main stem. When these low branches are pruned, the wound must be immediately treated with a fungicide.

Source:

Minor pests in the Philippines are the white mealybug (Pseudococcus lilacinus) and the giant mealybug (Drosicha townsendi) which infest young and developing fruits.

Very few diseases have been reported. In West Malaysia, patch canker caused by Phytophthora palmivora was first noted in 1934. It is becoming increasingly common on roots and stems of durian seedlings. Infection in the field begins at the collar with oozing of brownish-red gum and extends up the trunk and down to the roots. Sometimes a tree is completely girdled at the base and dies.

Testing of 13 clones showed that all but 2 were susceptible. The 2 resistant clones succumbed after the stems were wounded and inoculated. It is evident that pruning injuries have provided access for the organism. The disease is encouraged by close-planting which shades the soil and promotes dampness. Weeds, grass and mulch around the collar are also contributing factors.

Budded trees are particularly susceptible because of their habit of putting forth low branches and the occurrence of cracks where these join the main stem. When these low branches are pruned, the wound must be immediately treated with a fungicide.

Source: http://www.destinationtropicals.com/tropical_plants/plant_25.asp#Pests%20and%20Diseases

Summer Coming Up

Well summer is coming. So its time to unwind myself from the pressure of my job. I will do it by accomplishing the plan that we had agreed with my father last two month. Well, this summer could be a busy day for me most especially i have only 1 week vacation. It is because i have a class this coming summer. Hopefully i could do this following task:

1. Putting fence around in our 3 hectares fruit farm(3 days alloted time)
   
2. Create a small payag at the center of the farm(3 days alloted time).

As of now I'm excited because mag-inum inum ra man ko og tuba ana(i will just coconut wine on that day).

Be Proud of Being a Sheep

Sheep
1919, 1931, 1943, 1955, 1967, 1979, 1991, 2003

The Sheep Personality
Of all the signs, the Sheep symbolizes altruism and the female persona. You tend to be a gentle hearted person. What aggressiveness you have is likely to manifest as passive-aggressive behavior. You probably have a big soft spot for your little children and animals. You are likely to be fashionable and refined, preferring quiet, charming social settings such as a cozy little restaurant or an art museum. Speaking of art, there is a good chance you are an artist yourself, and an even better one that you appreciate the aesthetics of more than one of the performing and, or, visual arts. Finally, it must be said you are a romantic type. In addition to a propensity for dinner by candlelight, you also long for the pastoral. You like to spend time walking in the garden or driving through the peaceful countryside. And, you probably adore all the squirrels and other cute little animals you find along the way.

On the other hand, you’re not that adventurous and will make sure those outings are to the most peaceful locations. You can be indecisive and vacillate between choices hoping you don’t have to make one when the choice is difficult. And, when things don’t go your way, or even just threaten not to go your way, you tend to become moody. This can result in pouting and makes you tense. You’re also somewhat of a worrier, which adds to your edginess.

The Sheep In Relationships

The affectionate Sheep is one of the warmest, loving and tender people you will know. You are good hearted and genuinely care about others. In general you readily forgive others and rarely hold grudges. With these qualities it’s not surprising you do well in social situations. You are generally friendly and congenial and beautifully tactful in your choice of words. It’s not in your nature to willingly hurt anyone with meanness or a sharp tongue.

In truth you can be quite timid and sometimes have difficulty summoning the courage to stand up for your rights. If you’re not careful, people will take advantage of you. Your changeable nature means you can be fickle when it comes to your likes and dislikes. Some people probably see you as unpredictable. At your worst you are capricious when it comes to your responsibilities meaning, you’re not always that reliable.

Source: http://www.onlinechineseastrology.com/astrology-sign-sheep.aspx

Forecast of Sheep in 2008. Believe it or not!

Sheep
1919, 1931, 1943, 1955, 1967, 1979, 1991, 2003

FAIR year. Inauspicious stars will not affect you much. Sudden windfall is possible. Need to also work hard and stay focused. A busy year ahead for you but you need to take time off and relax with your family. You harvest rewards from time to time due to your hard work. Be cautious of legal suit and backstabbers. Be accommodative to family members as you have nothing to lose.

Reshape your destiny:

You are most pleasant among the 12 zodiac animals. Enrich yourself further by doing good things you have been doing in your lifetime.

BS Computer Science 4 Thesis Proposal Defense

The faculty of the Immaculate Conception, ITE Department conducted the final defense of the propose thesis of the computer science student. Unfortunately, one group didn’t pass the said defense. Most of the thesis are accepted but with minor revision. These are the list of Proposed Thesis and their respective proponent.

1. The Application of Alpha – Beta Searching Algorithm and Intelligent Material Evaluation on the Artificial Intelligence Engine of Dama: The Game
1. Michael Tarongoy – Team Leader
2. Rodrigo Flores
3. John Bill Purgatorio

2. The Engineering of the Knowledge Base of the Career Guidance Expert System
1. Ellen May Aguiling – Team Leader
2. Jackylyn Rendon
3. Jean Sasuman

3. Age Categorization through an Open Set Text Independence Speaker Identification System based on Using MultiVirate Auto Regression Method
1. John Paul Larida – Team Leader
2. Andrea Kris Amantiad
3. Marlon Apa

4. The Development of Commercial Car Park Operation System through Sensory Motors with Computer Interface and Intelligent Search Algorithm
1. Sheila Celi – Team Leader
2. Irene Adlawan
3. Andrea Mae Amantiad

5. An Implementation of Fuzzy Logic Algorithm in the Construction of Automatic Fish Feeding Mechanism
1. May Grace Papacoy - Team Leader
2. Maricel Lim
3. Jessel Razonable

6. Transforming a Conventional Refrigerator into Smart Refrigerator using Sensory Motors and Rete Algorithm
1. Mechelle Dimas - Team Leader
2. Judylyn Tahas
3. Mario Martin Garcia

Planting a Rubber Tree

It was last December when I was riding a bus going back home, from Midsayap to Davao, one man seat besides me. His name is Boy. He is mature and lived in Kidapawan. I guess his age is around 60-65 years old. It is because when the “conductor”, a ticket man, ask his fare, Boy ask for a discount. He is already a senior citizen and the conductor doesn’t believe until Boy shows his ID. He smiled at me and ask me “Is it obvious?”. That’s how our conversation started. According to Boy he is a former president of Knight of Columbus in Kidapawan chapter. We talked about our family and most especially what happen to our Christmas celebration. He is living his place to relax from abundant food and unending liquor. He is worried about his health until we talked about our source of bread and butter. I told him that I working in university as an instructor and nothing else. He asks me if I’m willing to have a sideline as a farmer like him. I told him that working in a farm is not a problem for me. It is because I grow in a farm and my family is a farmer. He asks me about my place and honestly I told him about the terrain and the climate of our place. Then he smiled and told me to plant a rubber tree. So I ask him what I could benefit from it. Then he told me on this manner which makes me think:

“Suppose you have 2 hectare, and every hectare you can plant at least 400 trees, then you have 800 rubber trees. You just wait for five years to start tapping (harvesting the latter) the tree. Suppose every tree could earn 1 peso daily, then you earn 800 pesos daily.”

It is convincing right? Imagine you could earn 800 pesos daily. It is big enough compare to our salary today(be honest). But farming is not an easy job. You have to be expose from heat of the sun. Hiking on inclinated, moody and grassy land. But remember that success always comes after sacrifices. Mind you that if you start planting today then after 10 years you could stop working and enjoying managing your farm. If you do this actually your hitting three birds in one stone; you help the Mother Nature by planting trees, you help the livelihood of your neighbor and the same time you improve your earnings.

If ever I earned enough money then I will start planting a rubber tree. To know more about the strategies of planting a rubber tree then refer on this link.

Signed Binary Adder/Subtractor Circuit

This is the circuit of binary four bit adder/subtractor. The concept of this circuit revolved on the idea of 2's complement. If you want to know more about the details of this concept then feel free to post a comment and i will try my best to answer your questions.

How Lucky I Am

In my situation today, I could still consider that I am lucky.

Even do I am too fat and suffer the illness of high blood, still I am lucky because there are lot of people who have no food to eat. It is just a matter of self discipline and exercise to be slim and be healthy again.

Even do my life is very stressful and I’m always burn-out because of my difficult and demanding work, well am still lucky because I have that work that give me money to feed and buy my needs. There are lots of people around us who want to work tirelessly but unfortunately they didn’t given the opportunity.

Even do my girlfriends break my heart; I am still lucky because it gives me an opportunity to be strong to face the trials in life. It gives me a chance to affirm that beyond the sadness there is always happiness.

In short life is a life of trials. If I face it will all my strength and positively handled them then I’ll be stronger and contented in your life. And finally I very lucky because I have my best friend Jesus Christ who always there when I need His help.

My Coconut and Durian Farm

This is the fruit of my endeavor. I’ve been planting this fruit bearing tree when I was in 4th year high school. Of course I can’t do it alone. With the help of my mother, my brother and sister I successfully finish planting this 250 coconut trees and 60 durian trees. Planting is a very simple task but keeping it growing for 8 years is a very difficult one. It takes a lot of money, encouragement, patient and dedication.

I though I lost this farm. It is because when I finish my college course I been working in Cotabato City, 10 hours away from my hometown. So I could only visit this farm every six to seven months. Try to imagine what will happen to your farm after 6 months without attending it. It will look like a forest again. Definitely, there is a lot of works to be done. But these times I have money to spend to cut the grasses to make my farm looks like a farm again. It will take 2 – 3 days to finish with the help of fifteen skilled and hardworking persons.

I found out that maintaining a farm is very expensive. That is why I attended a seminar. I found out that there is a plant that will control the grass while helping the growth of the fruit bearing tree. Well that’s a good news, a melody to my ears. But mind you it will take a lot of money because 1 kilogram of it has a price tag of 2000 pesos. And I need 5 bags of it to totally safeguard the farm. Whew, well I just bought 2 kilogram. After a year I started to pick up its fruit. Slowly and gradually, I finally sow this plant in my entire farm. After another year, the expenses of maintaining farm reduce by 25% and my fruit bearing trees grows healthier. I’m very happy.

Today, every time I went in my hometown and visit this place, I feel relax and unwind. Next year, I predict that my durian farm will harvest 500 kilograms of fruit and my entire coconut tree will bear fruits

Who is your BEST FRIEND?

Who is your best friend? It is a common question and we have a different answer. Some people say that their neighbor who share a bad and good memories to them. Others say that his/her co-office worker who is always there for him/her when he/she needed most. Well, what ever our answer the common thing is that our best friend are the people closer to us who is willing to help us and need our help. They are that person who becomes part of our life.

Well, in my life, I have a lot of best friends. First of all is Jesus Christ. He never stops listening to my problems and always there when I need strength to go on in my life. He never stops giving me a sound mind and good health even do for so many times I always tend to forget Him in times of good time.

Second is my self. Well, when it refers to my self I always remember to the saying goes that “Your worst enemy is your best friend”. I always experience that one since I started craving for good things for my life. My self will always hinder me to do good things. He always put me down in times of difficulty. He doesn’t want to absorb changes for the good of my future. He is my best enemy in my plan. But I have to learn to love and patiently teach him to be good. I have to love Him unconditionally because nobody is perfect. Even do he is not that good as I want to be but he is willing to try and accept the changes in a long and time consuming manner. I have to accept him as my best friend because no other person that can help me but my self.

Third is my sweet who’s name is Joy. When I need ears to listen she is always there. When I need a shoulder where I can lean on, she is always there. When times goes wrong she never judges me that I am bad but she encourages me to go on and face my problem. She becomes my trash can in all my fears and discontentment in my life. She never stops loving me the way I am even do I always hurt her. She is the face and hand of Jesus Christ in this world of uncertainty. She is the strongest person I even meet in this barren world.

Finally, my family who is always reinforces me in times of trouble. They are my best friend that I always tend to forget. They have always an open arm when the worst case happens in my life. They give me a place where I can start and go over again when everything fails. They are my last refuge.